Ch. 4 – Charts and Graphs for Business Data

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Graph is a pictorial representation of data,which has at least two dimensional relationship.It has two axes X and Y.It is used to represent variation in values over a period of time.
Charts are used to give information about the frequency of different quantities in a single pictorial representation.

Types of Charts

Column Chart : Column chart shows a bar chart or bar graph with vertical bars.The height of each bar is proportional to its value. Categories are displayed horizontally( X axis) and Values are vertically(Y axis).

Bar Charts: Barc Charts shows horizontal bars. The length of each bar is proportional to its value.

Line Chart: The values of each data series in a line chart can be connected by a line. X axis shows the categories and Y axis shows values as points.It is used to display trends over a period of time.
Pie Chart: A Pie chart displays the contribution of each value to a total. It represents multiple sub-group of a single variable.

Exploded Pie Chart : In this type of chart one or several slices are separated from other.

Donut Chart /Doughnut Chart: It is a Pie chart with a hole in the middle and it can display more than one series of data.

Area Chart: Area chart shows values as points on the Y axis and categories on X axis. The values of each data series are connected by a line,the area between two lines is filled with a colour.

Scatter Chart( XY Chart): In this chart both axis display values.It is used to show the relationship among two variables.

Radar Charat : It also known as net chart or Star chart.A Net Chart has separate axis for each data category, and the axes extended from the centre of the chart.

The different parts that make up a chart re referred to as elements.

Chart Area: Entire area of the chart, which includes labels, data, axis etc.
Chart Wall : It is the area in which chart is plotted.
Chart Main Title/Subtitle: This is the explanatory heading at the top of the chart.
Axes : A line that serves as a major reference for plotting data. X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis.
Data Point/ Data Marker: Individual values plotted in a chart and represented by bar,Column,line etc.
Data Series : A group of data points.
Legend : It is an identifier of a piece of information shown in the chart/graph.
Data label : The value of the data series plotted in a chart is known a data label.
Grid lines:These are the vertical and horizontal lines that appear in a chart.

Enter the data which needed to create the chart/Graph.
Select the data is needed for plotting the chart
Plotting the chart, Insert ->Chart.
Select the chart type, click Next
In Data Range , select “Data series in column”, “First row as label” and “First column as label”. And click next.
Under chart element enter the “Title” and enter labels for X axis and Y axis then click finish.